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单选题

Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly, logically, and abstractly in order to solve new problems.It ( 1 ) in young adulthood, levels out for a period of time, and then ( 2 ) starts to slowly decline as we age. But ( 3 ) aging is inevitable, scientists are finding out that certain changes in brain function may not be.
One study found that muscle loss and the ( 4 ) of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid intelligence. This suggests the ( 5 ) that lifestyle factors might help prevent or ( 6 ) this type of decline.
The researchers looked at data that ( 7 ) measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more than 4,000 middle-to-older-aged men and women and ( 8 ) that data to reported changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period. They found that middle-aged people ( 9 ) higher measures of abdominal fat ( 10 ) worse on measures of fluid intelligence as the years ( 11 ) .
For women, the association may be ( 12 ) to changes in immunity that resulted from excess abdominal fat; in men, the immune system did not appear to be ( 13 ) . It is hoped that future studies could ( 14 ) these differences and perhaps lead to different ( 15 ) for men and women.
( 16 ) there are steps you can ( 17 ) to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as you age in order to protect both your physical and mental ( 18 ) The two highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing your ( 19 ) of aerobic exercise and following Mediterranean-style ( 20 ) that is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods.

(14)

A
alter
B
spread
C
remove
D
explain
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答案:

D

解析:

[解题思路]空格句指出,希望未来的研究可以 这些差异。”这些差异”指前一句所述“女性身上的这种联系或许(may be)与免疫力变化相关,男性身上的这种联系似乎(appear to)与免疫系统无关”。其中may be、appear to均带有明显的推测语气,针对男性的内容仅否定了无关因素,并未指明相关因素,暗示还需进一步研究确认。另外,空格句中It is hoped that future studies could针对“后续的研究方向“传达出强烈的建议/期盼。综合两方面线索可知,空格词应表示“研究/分析/解释”等,以实现“当前研究局限一后续研究方向"的呼应,[D] explain符合文意。 [错项排除][A] alter、[C] remove均指向“消除差异",暗示差异为不利因素;[B] spread指向“扩大差异",暗示差异为有利因素。而文中仅客观呈现男女差异,并未评价这种差异是否有利,“消除/扩大差异”更无从谈起,故兰项均可排除。
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