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How can the train operators possibly justify yet another increase to rail passenger fares? It has become a grimly reliable annual ritual: every January the cost of travelling by train rises, imposing a significant extra burden on those who have no option but to use the rail network to get to work or otherwise. This year’s rise, an average of 2.7 per cent, may be a fraction lower than last year’s, but it is still well above the official Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure of inflation.
Successive governments have permitted such increases on the grounds that the cost of investing in and running the rail network should be borne by those who use it, rather than the general taxpayer. Why, the argument goes, should a car-driving pensioner from Lincolnshire have to subsidise the daily commute of a stockbroker from Surrey? Equally, there is a sense that the travails of commuters in the South East, many of whom will face among the biggest rises, have received too much attention compared to those who must endure the relatively poor infrastructure of the Midlands and the North.
However, over the past 12 months, those commuters have also experienced some of the worst rail strikes in years. It is all very well train operators trumpeting the improvements they are making to the network, but passengers should be able to expect a basic level of service for the substantial sums they are now paying to travel. The responsibility for the latest wave of strikes rests on the unions. However, there is a strong case that those who have been worst affected by industrial action should receive compensation for the disruption they have suffered.
The Government has pledged to change the law to introduce a minimum service requirement so that, even when strikes occur, services can continue to operate.This should form part of a wider package of measures to address the long-running problems on Britain’s railways.Yes, more investment is needed, but passengers will not be willing to pay more indefinitely if they must also endure cramped, unreliable services, punctuated by regular chaos when timetables are changed,or planned maintenance is managed incompetently. The threat of nationalisation may have been seen off for now, but it will return with a vengeance if the justified anger of passengers is not addressed in short order.

It is indicated in Paragraph 3 that train operators

A
are offering compensation to commuters.
B
are trying to repair relations with the unions.
C
have failed to provide an adequate service.
D
have suffered huge losses owing to the strikes.
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答案:

C

解析:

[精准定位]第二段CD句介绍政府允许提价的原因:铁路网的投资运营成本理应由其使用者(those who use it)而非全体纳税人承担。②句列举两个典型的人物具体说明CD句所述原因:一位驾车出行、靠退休金度日的人凭什么要补贴一位股票经纪人的日常通勤(the daily commute)?即谁乘车,谁买单,不乘车者没有义务为火车乘客买单。股票经纪人是“火车乘客/铁路网使用者”的典型代表,B正确。 [命题解密J rail travelers同义替换CD句those who use it / the rail network,也体现②句daily commute。 A指向“林肯郡一位开车出行的领养老金者”,与股票经纪人所代表的“火车乘客”正相对。C利用 (D句中的investing设置干扰,但“投资者“未在文中出现,更非股票经纪人所代表的对象。D指向O句 “普通纳税人(the general taxpayer)“,有较强干扰性,但本文中不仅体现出股票经纪人是普通纳税人中 的一员,更强调其有别于其他纳税人的“火车乘客“身份,选项忽略了这一点。
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