(56)Junk food is everywhere. We’re eating way too much of it. Most of us know what we’re doing and yet we do it anyway.

    So here’s a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: (60)Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it’s displayed?

    “Many policy measures to control obesity (肥胖症) assume that people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and more access to healthier foods,” note the two researchers.

    “In contrast,” the researchers continue, “many regulations that don’t assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance—like food—of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems.”

    The research references studies of people’s behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if applied to junk foods. Among them:

    (58)Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren’t handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted (分配) based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.

    Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? And why not limit sale of food in places that aren’t primarily food stores?

    (59)Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can’t buy alcohol at drive-through facilities. At supermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they’re easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, and placing warning labels on the products.

57. C)。

解析：由题干中的Rand researchers和control obesity定位到文章第三段，文章原文说很多控制肥胖的政策是假设人们心向健康食品，能理性控制饮食的，所以只是强调为人们提供健康饮食的信息和获取途径；而实际上，那些不相信人们能理性控制饮食的规定才有效，就像不相信人们能理性饮酒那些法律一样。由此可知，很多政策措施是根据错误的假设制定的，与C选项吻合，而A（应该有效执行）、B（提供误导性信息）、D（帮助人们理性选择）都不符合题意。