Innovation, the elixir (灵丹妙药) of progress, has always cost people their jobs. In the Industrial Revolution hand weavers were (36)_____ aside by the mechanical loom. Over the past 30 years the digital revolution has (37)_____ many of the mid-skill jobs that supported 20th-century middle-class life. Typists, ticket agents, bank tellers and many production-line jobs have been dispensed with, just as the weavers were.

    For those who believe that technological progress has made the world a better place, such disruption is a natural part of rising (38)_____. Although innovation kills some jobs, it creates new and better ones, as a more (39)_____ society becomes richer and its wealthier inhabitants demand more goods and services. A hundred years ago one in three American workers was (40)_____ on a farm. Today less than 2% of them produce far more food. The millions freed from the land were not rendered (41)_____, but found better- paid work as the economy grew more sophisticated. Today the pool of secretaries has (42)_____, but there are ever more computer programmers and web designers.

    Optimism remains the right starting-point, but for workers the dislocating effects of technology may make themselves evident faster than its (43)_____. Even if new jobs and wonderful products emerge, in the short term income gaps will widen, causing huge social dislocation and perhaps even changing politics.

    Technology’s (44)_____will feel like a tornado (旋风), hitting the rich world first, but (45)_____ sweeping through poorer countries too. No government is prepared for it.

名词：

benefits 利益

impact 影响

prosperity 繁荣

rhythm 韵律

sentiments 情感

动词：

benefits 有益

displaced 取代

employed 雇佣

impact 影响

shrunk 收缩

swept 扫除

withdrawn 撤退

形容词

displaced 取代的

employed 被雇佣的

jobless 无业的

productive 生产的；富有成效的

responsive 回答的

withdrawn 沉默寡言的

副词：

eventually 最后

primarily 主要地

36. swept。由be…by可知，此处需要填入动词的过去分词。sweep sb./sth. Aside表示“对……置之不理”。

37. displaced。此处需要填入动词过去分词。由文意可知，“数字革命____很多需要中等技术的工作”，答案为displaced。

38. prosperity。此处需要填入名词。a natural part of rising prosperity意为“日益兴盛的自然部分”。

39. productive。根据前面的more和后面的society可知，此处要填形容词。由文意可知，“____的社会变得更富裕，它的更富有的居民需要更多的商品和服务”，选productive最为合适。

40. employed。此处需要填动词过去分词或形容词。由此空前后的one in three American workers和on a farm，不难选出employed。

41. jobless。render sb. adj表示“使某人处于某种状态”，由后面的but found better-paid work可知，此空要选含有相反意思的词语。

42. shrunk。此空要选动词的过去分词。由此空后面的but…more可知，此空要选意思与此相反的单词，选shrink。

43. benefits。此处需要填入名词。这句话的意思为“对工人来说，技术引起的混乱效应或许会比它的____显现出来得快”。此空需要填与混乱效应相反意义的词语。impact一般指不利影响，排除，选benefits。

44. impact。此处需要填入名词。根据此空后面的句子可知，“科技的____”会对富裕的国家产生影响，选impact。

45. eventually。此处需要填入副词。科技的影响显示对富裕国家产生影响，最终会席卷到贫穷国家，符合文意。