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On March 11th policymakers took decisive action to inoculate the economy from the effects of covid-19.Rishi Sunak, the chancellor, unveiled the largest sustained fiscal loosening since the early 1990s.He announced a ₤30bn, or 1.3% of GDP, giveaway for the coming year, made up of ₤12bn of immediate virus-related spending and ₤18bn of other measures.Fiscal prudence would appear to have been an early casualty of this government—and of the virus.
In his budget speech Mr.Sunak noted that one in five workers may be simultaneously absent in the coming weeks, creating a concurrent shock to both supply and demand.He argued that, because the hit to supply was likely to be transitory, the best response was a "temporary,targeted and timely" boost to support demand in the short run and try to stop hard-hit firms going out of business.The mutation of covid-19 into a global crisis came too recently for it to be reflected in the forecasts of the Office of Budget Responsibility, the fiscal watchdog.So policy-makers are, to a greater extent than usual, flying blind.
The real action came on the fiscal side.Mr.Sunak outlined a three-pronged strategy to cushion the blow from the virus on the public services, on households and on businesses.For the first he essentially wrote a short-term blank cheque, pledging to give the NHS whatever financial resources it required.Support for households will take the form of early entitlement to sick pay for those required to isolate themselves and easier access to welfare payments for the self-employed.The support for businesses, especially smaller ones, was the most substantial element.The main goal was to ease potential cash flow problems.Firms with fewer than 250 employees will have any statutory sick pay picked up by the government.Business rates, a property tax,will be cut to zero for the coming year for most small firms in industries such as retailing, hospitality and leisure. Some 700, 000 especially tiny firms eligible for small-business-rate relief will receive a one-off payment of ₤3,000 to help them manage.
Whether these measures will prove sufficient will depend as much on epidemiology as on economics.The ultimate impact of the virus is still impossible to quantify.But the emergency measures masked a wider shift in the government's fiscal strategy.Such a long-term shift in policy may ultimately matter more than any emergency medicine.
To save the economy, the British government has decided______
A
B
C
D
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答案：
解析：
根据文章内容，英国政府为了挽救经济，采取了财政宽松政策，包括大规模的资金援助和其他措施。因此，选项C“实行宽松的货币政策”是正确答案。文章提到决策者采取了果断行动来缓和疫情对经济的冲击，并介绍了财政宽松政策的细节，包括针对公共服务、家庭和企业的三项策略。因此，选项A、B、D虽然都是文章中提到的措施，但不是英国政府为挽救经济而采取的主要决策。
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