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单选题

The objective of()is to determine what parts of the application software will be assigned to what hardware. The major software components of the system being developed have to be identified and then allocated to the various hardware components on which the system will operate. All software systems can be divided into four basic functions. The first is().Most information systems require data to be stored and retrieved, whether a small file,such as a memo produced by a word processor, or a large database, such as one that stores an organization's accounting records.The second function is the(),the processing required to access data, which often means database queries in Structured Query Language. The third function is the  (),which is the logic documented in the DFDs, use cases,and functional requirements.The fourth function is the presentation logic,the display of information to the user and the acceptance of the user's commands.The three primary hardware components of a system are (请作答此空).

A
computers,cables and network
计算机、电缆和网络
B
clients,servers,and network
客户机、服务器和网络
C
CPUs,memories and I/O devices
CPU、存储器和I/O设备
D
CPUs,hard disks and I/O devices
CPU、硬盘和I/O设备
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答案:

B

解析:

这道题目是关于软件与硬件的分配及系统的主要功能。文中提到,对于正在开发的系统,需要确定应用软件哪些部分将分配到何种硬件,并识别出主要软件构件,然后分配到系统将要运行的硬件构件上。关于系统的硬件组件,根据常识和信息系统的一般结构,选项B “clients(客户机)、servers(服务器)和network(网络)” 是正确的。客户机和服务器是处理数据和用户交互的主要硬件组件,而网络则是它们之间通信的桥梁。因此,答案为B。

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