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Anytime a host or a router has an IP datagram to send to another host or router, it has the( )address of the receiver. This address is obtained from the DNS if the sender is the host or it is found in a routing table if the sender is a router. But the IP data gram must be( ) in a frame to be able to pass through the physical network. This means that the sender needs the ( )address of the receiver. The host or the router sends an ARP query packet. The packet includes the physical and IP addresses of the sender and the IP address of the receiver. Because the sender does not know the physical address of the receiver, the query is(请作答此空) over the network.Every host or router on the network receives and processes the ARP query packet, but only the intended recipient recognizes its IP address and sends back an ARP response packet.The response packet contains the recipient's IP and physical addresses. The packet is( ) directly to the inquirer by using the physical address received in the query packet.

A
multicast
B
unicast
C
broadcast
D
multiple unicast
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答案:

C

解析:

第一空:根据句意,主机或路由器在发送 IP 数据报时需要知道接收方的逻辑地址(即IP地址),而这个地址是通过广播(broadcast)方式查询的,所以选C。
第二空:IP数据报必须封装在帧中才能通过物理网络,但这个过程是通过单播(unicast)完成的,因为发送方需要向特定的接收方发送数据,所以选B。
第三空:在发送ARP查询报文时,由于发送方不知道接收方的物理地址,所以需要通过广播方式发送查询请求,而响应报文是直接发送给询问者的,这是一种单播(unicast)方式,但因为是多个主机或路由器之间的通信,所以使用了多次单播(multiple unicast),因此选D。
第四空:根据句意,包含了接收者物理地址的响应报文分组是通过单播的方式直接发送给发送者的,所以选C。

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